D.S.A
دستگاه دی
اس ای کلینیکی با پنج واحد کنترل برای
تنظیم حساسیت ورودی - حجم
فرکانس و بلندی تولیدی - تنظیمات زیر و بمی و
واحد کنترل کننده حجم صدای خروجی و تنظیم تغییرات خروجی تاخیری با ایجاد افزایش گردش خون در لب تمپورال و اکسی پیتال مغز که
منجر به در مان قطعی و کامل لکنت زبان کودکان و بزرگسالان می
گردد همراه با ریتم دهنده گفتار
به منظور درمان
قطعی لکنت
به صورت کلینیکی
عرضه گشته است
لطفا در صورت تمایل
برای کسب اطلاعات بیشتر این لینک را کلیک کنید
زبان آموز دیجیتال
تک کاناله
دستگاهی است در جهت
ضبط ، پخش و مقایسه شنیداری آواها کلمات و جملات در مراحل مختلف درمان با
قابلیت ضبط و پخش بیش از یک میلیون بار
ویژه درمان انواع اختلالات گفتاری
بزرگسالان و کودکان ، سکته مغزی - فلج مغزی - ناشنوایی - کم شنوایی ،کم توانی
ذهنی و درمان اختلالات یادگیری و اوتیسم
لطفا در صورت تمایل برای کسب اطلاعات
بیشتر این لینک را کلیک کنید
مجموعه همخوان های فارسی
مصور و سخنگو با قابلیت نمایش خودکار
اختلالات تولیدی از رایجترین
اختلالات گفتاری ، خصوصا در سنین قبل از دبستان می باشد . آسیب شناسان گفتار و
زبان در روند درمان این اختلال ، نیاز به فهرستی از کلمات به منظور آموزش و
تمرین همخوانهای مختلف دارند . ولی ازآنجا که کودکان در این محدوده سنی قادر به
خواندن نیستند و از طرفی هنوز به مراحل رشد انتزاعی نرسیده اند ، تکرار و تمرین
به صورت شفاهی باعث خستگی و کم شدن توجه آنها می گردد . لذا ، نرم افزار مصور
همخوان ها ، با هدف افزایش دقت و جلب همکاری کودکان در محیط های درمانی و
همچنین پیگیری درمان توسط والدین در منزل طراحی و تدوین شده است. این مجموعه
شامل 22 همخوان فارسی و ترکیبات طبقه بندی شده آن ها با شش واکه می باشد . شیوه
تنظیم و طبقه بندی کلمات بر مبنای جایگاه ظهور آوای هدف ( اول ، وسط ،آخر ) ،
تعداد هجا ، ساختمان هجا ، مرز نشینی با واجهای دیگر، و برخی موارد هم
ارائه خوشه های دو همخوانی یا واژه هایی با بیش از یک آوای هدف بوده است
ویژه
درمان انواع اختلالات گفتاری بزرگسالان و کودکان ، سکته مغزی - فلج
مغزی - ناشنوایی - کم شنوایی
،کم
توانی ذهنی و درمان اختلالات یادگیری و اوتیسم
لکنت زبان کودکان و درمان آن
روشهای درمان لکنت زبان در کودکان
بارها شما سعی کرده اید که از لکنت رهایی یابید اما ممکن است موفقیت کمی بدست
آورده باشید
اگر این مورد در شما هم رخ داده است ، شاید ما بتوانیم به شما کمک کنیم
ما یک روش موثر و جدید در درمان لکنت زبان معرفی می کنیم که حتی می تواند در
درمان اختلال گفتاری دیز آرتری نیز به کار رود
برای درمان لکنت زبان کودکان ( 3 الی 10 سال ) این برنامه مفید و موثر است و گفتار فرزند شما را روان خواهد ساخت
بعد از دو الی چهار هفته تمرین با برنامه لکنت شکن روانی گفتار افزایش خواهد
یافت
لطفا در صورت تمایل برای کسب اطلاعات
بیشتر
و دیدن فیلم مربوطه این لینک را کلیک کنید
autism rights movement
(ARM) is a social movement that encourages autistic people, their caregivers and
society to adopt a position of neurodiversity, accepting autism as a variation
in functioning rather than a mental disorder to be cured. The ARM advocate a
greater tolerance of autistic behaviors, teaching autistic individuals skills
that allow them to better cope with the non-autistic world rather than forcing
them behave like their neurotypical peers, and objects to treatment goals like
extinguishing harmless stimming, forcing eye contact and breaking routines
The ARM is controversial among those whose lives are affected by autism.
Objections to the movement include a belief that the benefits claimed to
accompany autism are overstated, and that the movement's activities may reduce
funding for autism research and treatment. Parents of children with autism state
that behavioral interventions used to treat autism help them care for children
with aggressive or dangerous behaviors, and that autism exacts a toll on the
entire family. These parents have also criticized the movement for representing
a minority of high-functioning autistics rather than the majority of
lower-functioning individuals who comprise the bulk of those diagnosed with
autism
The use of the Internet has made it possible for autistics to present their
perspective when they do not have the communication skills to do so offline.
These individuals do not believe autism can, or should be cured, instead
believing that they deserve the opportunity to use their strengths to to cope
with difficulties presented by autism
Anti-cure perspective
The anti-cure perspective is considered a
fundamental value of the movement. It is the
view that autism is not a disorder, but an
alternate variation in brain wiring with its
own benefits and drawbacks.[1] The anti-cure
perspective supports the model of autism
that says that autism is an integral part of
the autistic person's personality,[1] and
that autism is something that cannot be
separated from the person. For this reason,
some anti-cure autistics, such as Jim
Sinclair and Michelle Dawson, reject
person-first terminology and prefer to be
referred to as "autistics" or "autistic
people" instead of "people with autism" or
"people who have autism", because "person
with autism" implies that autism is
something that can be removed from the
person
Jim Sinclair says that curing an autistic
person is equivalent to causing the autistic
person to cease to exist and be replaced
with a different (non-autistic) person.[3]
Anti-cure autistics believe quirks and
uniqueness of autistic individuals should be
tolerated as the differences of any minority
group should be tolerated.[4] Autistics.org
has responded to Kit Weintraub's wish to
remove her son's autistic symptoms so that
he will make friends by saying that when
someone is bullied or ostracized for a
quality, it is because of people who are
intolerant and not the fault of people who
are different.[4] Anti-cure autistics view
talk about visions for a future where autism
has been eradicated as a wish for the end of
their culture and way of being
Anti-cure autistics say they wish they had
fewer difficulties in life, and that they
find some aspects of autism (like sensory
issues) painful, but they do not want to
have to sacrifice their personalities,
values, and basic identities in order to
make life easier.[4][not in citation given]
Anti-cure autistics ask that society become
more tolerant and accommodating instead of
pushing a cure. Anti-cure autistics say they
are in favor of helping make the lives of
autistic people easier, but they prefer the
word "education" over "treatment", and they
support programs that respect the
individuality of the autistic person and
only try to teach them things instead of
change them, and they think that autism
treatments should focus on giving autistics
the means to overcome the limitations posed
by autism, rather than curing it citation
needed
The anti-cure perspective is related to much
of the controversy of the movement. Some
parents of autistic children see autism as
something that gives their children great
difficulty in life and therefore see autism
as a disorder.[citation needed] Parents with
this perspective (which is sometimes called
the pro-cure perspective in the autism
rights movement) believe that a cure for
autism is in their children's best interests
because they see a cure as something that
will reduce suffering.[5][6] People with the
pro-cure perspective have been disdainfully
labeled "curebies
People in
the movement
Organized
groups
Organized
groups of the autism rights movement include
the Autism Network International (ANI)—a
self-advocacy organization founded in 1992
run for and by autistic people and which
hosts an annual conference called
Autreat—and Aspies For Freedom—an activist
group founded by Amy and Gareth Nelson in
2004 which started Autistic Pride Day and
protested against the Judge Rotenberg
Educational Center
Individuals
Amanda Baggs has written for Autistics.org,
an anti-cure autism website. She was
featured in an article on CNN in Michelle
Dawson is an autistic person and autism
researcher who has challenged the ethics and
science of applied behavior analysis and
what she considers to be exclusion of
autistic adults in the Autism Society of
Canada.
Jim Sinclair is a co-founder of Autism
Network International and author of the
essay "Don't Mourn for Us," an anti-cure
essay
Harvey Blume coined the term neurodiversity
Donna Williams has endorsed the Aspies For
Freedom organization
The essays of some individuals in the
movement, including Amanda Baggs and Jim
Sinclair, have been used as reading
assignments in a class at the University of
Wisconsin-Madison
Neurotypical"
supporters
Although this
movement is sometimes considered to consist
only of autistic people, there are some
parents involved in the movement.[4] Morton
Ann Gernsbacher, who is a parent of an
autistic child and a professor of
psychology, said that autistics need
acceptance and not a cure and has expressed
opposition to the view of autism as a
disorder.[10] Estee Klar-Wolfond, the mother
of an autistic son, founded The Autism
Acceptance Project in support of autistic
people.[11] Autistics.org claims that
parents can be the movement's strongest
allies.[4][12] In addition, some autistic
people involved in the movement are also
parents.[13] Autism professionals Tony
Attwood and Simon Baron-Cohen have sent
supportive messages to the Aspies for
Freedom organization.[14][15]
History
Autism Network International was founded in
1992. Later in the mid-1990s the world wide
web began to emerge and websites increased
awareness about the neurodiversity
perspective of autism.[16] Autistics.org was
founded in 1998 and started Internet
campaigns in 2000.
Michelle Dawson's ethical challenges to ABA
and the founding of Aspies for Freedom both
occurred in 2004. In December 2004, Amy
Harmon published an article in the New York
Times titled "How about not curing us? Some
autistics are pleading" which covered the
anti-cure perspective.
Issues
The movement embraces a number of issues and
goals that range from challenging the way
autistic people are treated by others to
challenging the way autism is portrayed. Not
all supporters of the movement have the same
opinions about the issues and there is
controversy about the issues from within the
movement
Challenges
to autism treatment
Some autistic people have criticized therapy
which attempts to remove autistic behaviors
because they say that the behaviors that the
therapy tries to remove are attempts to
communicate
Michelle Dawson testified in Auton v.
British Columbia and was cited in the
Supreme Court of Canada's ruling in the
case.[1] Michelle Dawson has received heated
criticism from some parents of autistic
children because of her criticism of applied
behavior analysis and her involvement in
Auton v. British Columbia.[17][16] These
critics[clarify] say ABA has been
scientifically proven to be effective and
gives autistic children the best chance of
success in adulthood. Some parents believe
that intensive behavioral therapy is the
only way to rescue autistic children.[1]
Some critics also fear that the movement
will prevent other autistic children from
receiving treatment. Kit Weintraub has
responded to Michelle Dawson's claims that
ABA is harmful by saying that it is harmful
to deny medically necessary and appropriate
treatment to autistic children who need it.
Weintraub said she does not want ideology to
triumph over the welfare of autistic
children
Bobby Newman said in an issue of the Schafer
Autism Report that he believes that those
without basic skills of self-care would not
want those who are capable of communication
to speak on their behalf.[19] Baggs, who has
been published at Autistics.org, responded
to Bobby Newman's argument by saying that
she was once in the situation Newman
describes and would have wanted activists to
stop her from receiving treatment she felt
was harmful.[20] There has also been concern
that autistic children will be forced into
ABA programs where they will not benefit
Opposition
to eliminating autism
Since those in the autism rights movement
see autism as a natural human variation and
not a disorder, they are opposed to attempts
to eliminate autism. In particular, there is
opposition to prenatal genetic testing of
autism in unborn fetuses, which some believe
might be possible in the future (see
Heritability of autism). Some worry that
this can prevent autistic people from being
born.[1] On February 23, 2005 Joseph Buxbaum
of the Autism Genome Project at the Mount
Sinai School of Medicine said there could be
a prenatal test for autism within 10
years.[21] However, the genetics of autism
have proven to be extremely complex.[22] In
any case, the Autistic Genocide Clock was
started in response to this, which counts
down to 10 years after Buxbaum made this
announcement.[23] The public has started to
debate the ethics involved in the possible
elimination of a genotype that has
liabilities and advantages, which may be
seen as tampering with natural selection
Perception
of autism
The puzzle piece ribbon is used by some
autism societies. Some autistic adults find
this ribbon offensive and insulting.
The puzzle piece ribbon is used by some
autism societies. Some autistic adults find
this ribbon offensive and insulting.
Autism has been compared to a disease,
rather than the variation in functioning
preferred by supporters of neurodiversity,
with an attendant focus on the burden placed
on society in caring for autistic
individuals. Caring for individuals with
autism has been compared to treating a
patient with cancer, though extended over
the duration of a normal lifespan.[25]
Autistic children have also been described
as being held hostage to a psychiatric
disorder.[26] Others have used the term 'mad
child disease' to describe autism,[27][28]
which some autistic individuals and their
parents have found highly offensive.[29]
Margaret Somerville, founding director of
the McGill Centre for Medicine, Ethics and
Law, said that with activism there is a
direct goal and it is sometimes necessary to
sacrifice complexity and nuance to make a
point, but some autistic activists don't
believe desperation justifies the
rhetoric.[17] Bennett L. Leventhal said he
understands concern about comparing autistic
children to victims of hostage but thinks
the campaigns make the point that these are
real diseases that will consume children if
untreated.[26] Autistic rights activists
also reject terming the reported increase in
the autistic population as an 'epidemic'
since the word implies autism is a disease
Attempts have also been made to place a
figure on the financial 'cost' of autism,
addressed to both scholarly[31] and popular
audiences.[32] These efforts have been
criticized by some autism rights advocates,
comparing it to the now-reviled eugenics
movement in the early 20th century.[33]
Michelle Dawson has pointed out that no
effort has been made to examine the cost of
'eliminating the disease' to autistic
individuals,[34] and she, as well as others,
have also pointed out the valuable
contributions autistic individuals can, and
have made to society
Autistic traits
Some autistic
rights activists believe some
characteristics described as being autistic
traits are actually misconceptions.[36]
Michelle Dawson has disputed the belief that
75% of autistic people have low
intelligence.[17] Psychologist Laurent
Mottron of Hôpital Rivière-des-Prairies in
Montreal says that autistic people often
score much higher on a nonverbal test of
abstract reasoning than on a standard IQ
test.[37] As of 2006, some people have begun
to subscribe to the belief that autistic
people lack a "theory of mind"; that is,
they are unaware that others do not
necessarily think or know the same things
that they(autistics) do. Some autistics have
claimed that non-autistics are insensitive
to their perspectives, and write parodies
based on this, addressing non-autism as a
mental disorder characterized by lack of
"theory of other minds
Jim Sinclair, who has also been target of
similar criticism from very early on, goes
into detail about "the politics of
opposition to self-advocacy".[40] He notes,
for example, that a common tactic is denying
that "the persons mounting the challenge are
really members of the group to which they
claim membership". Sinclair illustrates the
point with an analogy regarding Frederick
Douglass, a nineteenth-century African
American who became a well-known
abolitionist writer and speaker. Douglass
was after some time suspected of being an
impostor because he was well spoken and
educated, so he did not fit the stereotype
of black slaves
Lenny Schafer said that the autism-like lack
of empathy of anti-cure activists prevent
them from seeing what is in the hearts of
pro-cure advocates
Functioning
labels
The autistic
rights movement has contributed to
controversies about functioning labels and
the distinction between autism and
Asperger's in the autism spectrum. In
particular, some autistic rights activists
are concerned with the functioning labels
and the autism/Asperger's distinction making
it more difficult to get services for
difficulties associated with autism, and
they believe the terms such as
'high-functioning' and 'low-functioning' are
used as an excuse for their opponents to
ignore the viewpoints they do not
like.[citation needed] Some autistic
activists say it is not easy to distinguish
between high and low functioning.[1] Some
autistic individuals, in contrast, are
supportive of the distinction between the
low and high functioning labels as well as
autism and Asperger's, and believe it is
important in helping individuals get proper
consultation and treatment
There is also controversy about how well
autistic people of different functioning
levels are represented in the movement.
Critics of the movement argue that the
autistic spectrum people opposed to a cure
are high functioning autistic or have
Asperger syndrome[1] and that they have the
ability to communicate. Lenny Schafer, for
example, argues that those in the movement
are Asperger autistics, as opposed to Kanner
autistics. He says that if they would change
every use of autism to read Asperger
syndrome the movement might "make sense".[1]
They[clarify] argue that low functioning
autistic people have much less ability to
communicate, but that the movement's
activists clearly have the ability to write
eloquently, and they believe that those who
have less ability to communicate are likely
to want or need very different things from
those who can communicate more readily. This
is re-iterated by Sue Rubin, diagnosed with
autism, when she states, 'High-functioning
people speak and low-functioning people
don't...low functioning people are just
trying to get through the day without
hurting, tapping, flailing, biting,
screaming, etc. The thought of a gold pot of
a potion with a cure really would be
wonderful
Activists in the movement have responded to
criticisms that say they are high
functioning or Asperger's by saying that
some of them have been called low
functioning as children by professionals,
some of them can write but have no oral
speech, and that some of them have periods
of time where any form of communication is
impossible. They also say it is not true
that all autistic advocates are diagnosed
with Asperger's syndrome and that some of
the most outspoken ones are autistic. When
critics claim that the people in the
movement are Asperger's and not autistic,
the people in the autism rights movement see
this as an attempt to diagnose them via the
Internet
Michelle Dawson says that some parents tell
her that she is different from their
children because she can express herself and
live independently and their children
cannot. Michelle Dawson responds by saying
that she could not live independently when
she was a child either.[16] Phil Schwarz has
responded to claims that the autistic
advocates are higher functioning than
autistic children by saying it is not always
reasonable to compare the abilities of an
autistic child with those of an autistic
adult
Some autistic authors such as Amanda Baggs
have claimed that this is not always the
case that anti-cure autistics have mild
difficulties.[43] She says that when the
critics assume that intelligent and
articulate autistic people do not have
difficulties like self-injurious behavior
and difficulty with self-care, they affect
the opinions of policy makers and make it
more difficult for intelligent and
articulate autistic people to get services.
Baggs cites examples of autistic people who
were denied services because they have IQs
above 70
A common complaint is that anti-cure
advocates are clearly able to articulate
complex opinions in writing, which is seen
by some critics as inconsistent with a
diagnosis of autism. Autistics who oppose a
cure say they may experience extreme
difficulties on a daily basis, and that they
oppose being cured despite these
difficulties because they believe autism is
a fundamental part of who they are
Status as
a social minority group
Amy Nelson of Aspies For Freedom wrote a
proposal in 2004 that the autistic community
are a social minority group and therefore
should be considered as such by the United
Nations.[44] The letter expresses concern
about the possibility that if a cure were
found, autistic people may be forced to use
it.[44] They say that if the fact that
people on the autistic spectrum are
different in their own right was accepted
worldwide, instead of their being regarded
as simply a faulty version of "normal"
people, it would provide greater freedom to
the whole community.[citation needed]
Without the stigma or pressure to
communicate in the same way as
neurotypicals, autistics would be enabled to
form social bonds in ways that best suit
them.[citation needed] It is sometimes the
case that typing or signing is easier than
talking for autistics,[citation needed] and
there is a fairly large autistic community
on the Internet, many of whom are socially
isolated locally. In February 2007 a
petition for UK citizens to Downing street
was launched by Aspies For Freedom,
expressing the need for minority group
status
The Nelson proposal that the Autistic
community be classified as a minority group
by the United Nations has divided the
autistic community politically.[citation
needed] Some autistics believe it is
self-defeating to receive special status
when they are capable of achieving things
for themselves as successfully as people
without autism.[citation needed] Some
autistics also recognize that
governmentally-declared minority groups are
seen with disdain and opposition by those
outside their group, and thus subject to
more negativity than those who are not
declared a minority by the power of
government
Diversity
in autism
The movement has been criticized for its own
failure to incorporate diversity, include
certain subgroups within the autistic
community and that some in the movement are
insulting to neurotypical individuals.
Controversy
This article
needs additional citations for verification
Please help improve this article by adding
reliable references. Unsourced material may
be challenged and removed
Criticism
The movement has been criticized by autism
professionals and parents of autistic
children who believe the goals of the
movement will not help autistic children.
There are some critics of the movement who
still support some of the movement's goals
despite opposing other goals
Responses from
the movement
Further
responses of the movement can be summarized
as follows
Being able to communicate well in writing is
not inconsistent with a diagnosis of autism
Autism does not disappear the moment a
person learns to communicate. Successfully
teaching to communicate is not the same as
"curing" autism
Autism rights advocates believe parents
should take into account the self-esteem of
their autistic children. Activists ask: "is
it better to teach these children that they
have a neurological disease requiring
intensive behavioral training to correct, or
that they have unique and special neurology
they should cherish and accept for what it
is
Some of the critics' own children have
apparently learned to communicate already,
so their position is confusing because they
argue that the writing abilities of autistic
activists is evidence that they are
fundamentally higher functioning than the
children of the critics
Early origins and continuation of the debate
This section does not cite any references or
sources
Please improve this section by adding
citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable
material may be challenged and removed
The debate is ongoing and critics have
responded to the autism rights movement's
responses to their original criticisms, and
the autism rights movement in turn has
responded to those
The autism rights movement and its debates
were collaborated online due much in part to
usenet's alt.support.autism group
(groups.google.com/group/alt.support.autism)
which had autistics and people without
autism on various sides of rights, cure and
treatment issues. Due to the lack of
moderation and what they perceive to be the
abuse of several autistics on that forum by
possible cranks, many have taken up blogging
in more moderated communities. Much of the
current thought has evolved over time by
discussions in these communities and groups.
Over time, some internet meme has also
resulted because of the autism rights
movement, much of which is tongue in cheek
criticism of the self-diagnosis issue
Some of the debate continues offline as
well. Autistics and people without autism of
all ages participating in the autism rights
movement may also be expressly excluded from
their local autism organizations. Many have,
however formed well-connected offline
chapters to address the lack of this
inclusion by some cure-oriented autism
communities. Some groups, however, have been
making efforts to include such families,
groups and individuals in the movement to
increase the level of communication and
create mutual understanding
Some of the most critical pro-cure advocates
are non-autistic relatives of autistics,
e.g. those represented by FAAAS, Families of
Adults with Asperger Syndrome.[47] Many such
organizations have characterized those in
the anti-cure movement as being mostly an
adult with Asperger Syndrome phenomenon and
object to the anti-cure message as a result
of their own personal perspectives of living
with autistic adults
Disagreements
within the movement
There are disagreements within the movement
as well. Some autistics would prefer autism
to be seen as a disability, meaning that it
would have a status similar to blindness or
deafness. Within this context, autism rights
would fit within the broader movement of
disability rights and autistic culture would
be analogous to deaf culture. Those
supporting this view are concerned that if
autism was to be viewed as simply a way of
being or as a non-disabled minority group,
the needs some autistics have for aid and
assistance would be overlooked
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